Table 1

Clinical and 2-D echocardiographic findings in all patients (n = 100)

Characteristics
CHF (n = 50)
CS (n = 50)
p-value

Age (y)
57 ± 13
58 ± 10
0.88
Male Gender (%)
30 (60)
29 (58)
1.00
Diabetes mellitus (%)
30 (60)
32 (64)
0.90
Hypertension (%)
35 (70)
37 (74)
0.78
Dyslipidemia (%)
25 (50)
23 (46)
0.90
Smoking history (%)
34 (68)
32 (64)
0.82

Cardiac medications

Beta blockers (%)
50 (100)
10 (20)
< 0.05
ACE inhibitors (%)
48 (96)
5 (10)
< 0.05
Digoxin (%)
25 (50)
5 (10)
< 0.05
Spironolactone (%)
32 (64)
0 (0)
< 0.05
Inotropic support (%)
0 (0)
50 (100)
< 0.05

Left Heart Dimensions

IVS (mm)
10 ± 2
11 ± 2
0.87
PWT (mm)
11 ± 2
11 ± 1
0.90
LVEDD (mm)
60 ± 2
59 ± 3
0.85
EF (%)
25 ± 6
23 ± 7
0.82

Values are mean ± SD (percentage). CHF, congestive heart failure; CS, cardiogenic shock; y, years; IVS, interventricular septal thickness; PWT, posterior wall thickness; LVEDD, left ventricular end diastolic diameter; EF, ejection fraction. p < 0.05* was considered significant.

Hameed et al. Cardiovascular Ultrasound 2008 6:11   doi:10.1186/1476-7120-6-11