Research

Mitral Annulus Calcification is associated with valvular and cardiac structural abnormalities

Mohammad-Reza Movahed¹ , Yuji Saito² , Mastaneh Ahmadi-Kashani² and Ramin Ebrahimi³

¹  Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, University of Arizona Sarver Heart Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA

²  Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Irvine, California, USA

³  Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, and the Greater Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA

author email corresponding author email

Cardiovascular Ultrasound 2007, 5:14doi:10.1186/1476-7120-5-14

Published:	14 March 2007

Abstract

Introduction

Mitral annulus calcification (MAC) is a common finding on echocardiographic examination. The goal of this study was to evaluate associations between MAC and cardiac abnormalities using a large echocardiographic database.

Methods

For this study we retrospectively reviewed 24,380 echocardiograms performed for clinical reasons between the years 1984 and 1998.

Results

MAC was reported in 1,494 (6.1%) subjects. Using multivariate analysis, age, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), mitral regurgitation (MR), tricuspid regurgitation (TR), aortic stenosis (AS), left atrial (LA) enlargement and reversed E/A ratio were independently associated with MAC.)MAC was noted in 11.7 % of patients with MR vs. 4.3% without MR (OR: 2.0, CI 1.6–2.6, p < 0.0001), in 13.9% of those with TR vs. 4.5% without TR (OR: 3.8, CI 2.9–4.8, p < 0.0001), in 10.6% with LVH vs. 4.2% without LVH (OR: 1.9, CI 1.5–2.4, p < 0.0001), in 14.8% with AS vs. 5.5% without AS (OR: 1.4, CI 1.08–1.9, p = 0.01), in 9.4% with reversed E/A ratio vs. 3.8% without reversed E/A ratio (OR: 1.7, CI 1.4–2.2, p < 0.0001) and in 8.2% with LA enlargement vs. 4.8% without LA enlargement (OR: 1.3, CI 1.06–1.7, p = 0.02).

Conclusion

In our study, MAC independently correlated with significant structural heart abnormalities. This suggests that identification of MAC may serve as a marker for other cardiac structural disorders.