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Imaging of all three coronary arteries by transthoracic echocardiography. an illustrated guide

Marek Krzanowski1 email, Wojciech Bodzoń1 email and Paweł Petkow Dimitrow2 email

The Department of Medicine, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, 8 Skawińska Str., Kraków, Poland

2nd Department of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, 17 Kopernika Str., Kraków, Poland

author email corresponding author email

Cardiovascular Ultrasound 2003, 1:16doi:10.1186/1476-7120-1-16

Published: 17 November 2003

Additional files


Additional File 1:

Movie 1. Proximal part of left coronary artery in B-mode, parasternal short axis view. LAD PROX – proximal part of the left anterior descending coronary artery, INTERMEDIATE – strong intermediate branch, Cx PROX – proximal part of left circumflex coronary artery (for best results play the movie in an endless loop)

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Additional File 2:

Movie 2. Proximal part of left coronary artery in color Doppler, parasternal short axis view. Origin of left circumflex coronary artery is also seen (for best results play the movie in an endless loop)

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Additional File 3:

Movie 3. Middle LAD in color Doppler. Modified long axis view (for best results play the movie in an endless loop)

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Additional File 4:

Movie 4. Proximal left circumflex, left main, proximal left anterior descending coronary arteries in color Doppler, prarasternal short axis view. Courtesy of Acuson Corp. (for best results play the movie in an endless loop)

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Additional File 5:

Movie 5. Middle part of left circumflex coronary artery in color Doppler. Parasternal short axis view, imaging plane traversing coronary sulcus. The flow in artery is depicted in blue. (for best results play the movie in an endless loop)

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Additional File 6:

Movie 6. Middle part of left circumflex coronary artery in color Doppler. Modified parasternal long axis view, imaging plane traversing lateral wall of the left ventricle. The flow in artery is depicted in blue. (for best results play the movie in an endless loop)

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Additional File 7:

Movie 7. Middle segment of the RCA in color Doppler; modified subcostal short axis view (for best results play the movie in an endless loop)

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Additional File 8:

Movie 8. Distal RCA in color Doppler, modified apical 4-chamber view. (for best results play the movie in an endless loop)

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Additional File 9:

Movie 9. A female patient in 2 days after an acute anterior wall myocardial infarction. Parasternal short axis view at the level of papillary muscles. 2 spots of strong color signal were noted within the anterior wall, which correspond to tight stenoses of the midlle LAD and a diagonal branch (for best results play the movie in an endless loop)

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Additional File 10:

Movie 10. Color Doppler examination of left part of coronary sulcus in parasternal short axis view. Please, note, two separate color flow signals are seen: a systolic, seen more distally, and a diastolic, seen more proximally. The systolic signal is most probably caused by flow of physiological amount of pericardial fluid, while the diastolic flow is related to the flow in the proximal Cx. (for best results play the movie in an endless loop)

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Additional File 11:

Movie 11. Doppler artifact at the anterior wall of the left ventricle. Color Doppler examination in the region of anterior interventricular groove, modified parasternal long axis view. Local, strong, linear signal mimicking high velocity flow is seen, which may easily be confused with tight middle LAD stenosis (for best results play the movie in an endless loop)

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Additional File 12:

Movie 12. Color Doppler transthoracic echocardiography, parasternal short axis view. Proximal LAD and proximal Cx stenoses were incidentally found on rutine echocardiographic examination. They were later confirmed by coronary angiography. (for best results play the movie in an endless loop)

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Additional File 13:

Movie 13. Color Doppler echocardiography, parasternal modified short axis view. Middle LAD stenosis was incidentally found on rutine TTE. It was later confirmed by coronary angiography. (for best results play the movie in an endless loop)

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